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(Q,R)
QWERTY: The QWERTY (pronounced KWEHR-tee) keyboard
is the standard typewriter and computer keyboard in countries
that use a Latin-based alphabet. QWERTY refers to the first
six letters on the upper row of the keyboard. The key arrangement
was devised by Christopher Latham Sholes whose "Type-Writer,"
as it was then called, was first mass-produced in 1874.
Since that time, it has become what may be the most ubiquitous
machine-user interface of all time.
The QWERTY arrangement was intended to reduce the jamming
of typebars as they moved to strike ink on paper. Separating
certain letters from each other on the keyboard reduced
the amount of jamming. In 1932, August Dvorak developed
what was intended to be a faster keyboard, putting the vowels
and the five most common consonants in the middle row, with
the idea that an alternating rhythm would be established
between left and right hands. Although the Dvorak keyboard
has many adherents, it has never overcome the culture of
learning to type on a QWERTY.
RADIUS: RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User
Service) is a client/server protocol and software that enables
remote access servers to communicate with a central server
to authenticate dial-in users and authorize their access
to the requested system or service. RADIUS allows a company
to maintain user profiles in a central database that all
remote servers can share. It provides better security, allowing
a company to set up a policy that can be applied at a single
administered network point. Having a central service also
means that it's easier to track usage for billing and for
keeping network statistics. Created by Livingston (now owned
by Lucent), RADIUS is a de facto industry standard used
by Ascend and other network product companies and is a proposed
IETF standard.
REGISTRY: 1) In the Microsoft Windows 95, Windows
98, and Windows NT operating systems, the Registry is a
single place for keeping such information as what hardware
is attached, what system options have been selected, how
computer memory is set up, and what application programs
are to be present when the operating system is started.
The Registry is somewhat similar to and a replacement for
the simpler INI (initialization) and configuration files
used in earlier Windows systems. INI files are still supported,
however, for compatibility with the 16-bit applications
written for earlier systems.
In general, the user updates the Registry indirectly using
Control Panel tools, such as Tweak UI. When you install
or uninstall application programs, they also update the
Registry. In a network environment, Registry information
can be kept on a server so that system policies for individuals
and workgroups can be managed centrally.
2) The Internet Registry manages the Internet's domain
name system. It is supervised by the Internet Architecture
Board of the Internet Society.
RENDERING: To render (a verb, pronounced REHN-dir,
from the medieval French rendre meaning "to give back
or yield") has a number of usages along the lines of
forming something out of something else originally given.
A jury renders a verdict given evidence and the rules of
law. Animal fat can be rendered into lard. Out of loyalty
to the king, a service is rendered. An artist can render
an idea in the mind into a drawing on paper. A translator
renders one language into another.
In computer graphics technology, computer software can be
used to render special 3-D effects given the right programming
statements. A computer display system renders an image that
is sent to it in the form of a bitmap or streaming image.
A rendering (noun) is a term sometimes used to describe
a drawing, sketch, plan, or other artistic or engineered
effort to depict or portray something on paper or in another
medium.
ROTFL: Abbreviation of roll on the floor laughing,
commonly used online or on IRC.
ROUTER: On the Internet, a router is a device or,
in some cases, software in a computer, that determines the
next network point to which a packet should be forwarded
toward its destination. The router is connected to at least
two networks and decides which way to send each information
packet based on its current understanding of the state of
the networks it is connected to. A router is located at
any juncture of networks or gateway, including each Internet
point-of-presence. A router is often included as part of
a network switch.
A router creates or maintains a table of the available routes
and their conditions and uses this information along with
distance and cost algorithms to determine the best route
for a given packet. Typically, a packet may travel through
a number of network points with routers before arriving
at its destination. An edge router is a router that interfaces
with an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. A brouter
is a network bridge combined with a router.
RTS: Request To Send.